【 – 写作指导】
作文12月(一)
2012年12月四级作文Education Pays
写作第一步一定要审题：必须要迅速进入动笔写作的状态，否则时间上来不及！
在审题之后，得到以下信息：一，没有中文说明，我们想怎么写就怎么写。二，有图片，要加上描述图片的“废话”。第三，图片中有单词有数据，字数要是不够，可以凑数
第一段：引入现象 因为这是图片题，所以先上句“应景”的废话“As we can see from the chart that”，其余的部分直接往上写我们的模版“nowadays, the phenomenon of "" has aroused wide concern among the people who care about the young people's future”记得要把原来的“""”换成关键词“Education Pays”，要不就跑题了！
第一段可以写成：
As we can see from the chart given above that nowadays, the phenomenon of Education Pays has aroused wide concern among the people who care about the young people's future. Especially to the young generation living in the big cities, they tend to put the pays in the first place but not the degree, ignoring the fact that this behavior may pose underlying threat to their present career and may even endanger futures。
第二段可以有两种写法，即第一种，说明这个“Education Pays”的原因，我给大家了四个原因写上一个就行。第一种写成：现象原因。
Ample reasons can account for the issue of Education Pays. The following one might be the most critical .For the majority of young people, they have been always considering the education as a bothering thing to do or not an opportunity that can add color to the dull routine of every day life. So they want to get a job as early as possible. But, as matter of fact, as the chart describes, people who have learned more earn more than others. And, in the chart, the ones who have the doctoral degree earn 512 dollars more than the ones who have only a degree as bachelor.
在这个段落中，最后一句话，我着重引用了一下图片的数据，比较了一下，没写倍数，那东西一不留神就写错！
第二段也还可以写成：现象讨论，即大家对这个事儿看法不一致。有的人觉得这个事儿对什么好，有的人觉得这个事儿对什么坏！写上就好，因为，无论什么事儿，大家的观点都不是一致的哦！第二段第二种如下：
Does anyone maintain the same attitude towards this issue? Definitely not，as a matter of fact，opinions vary from person to person. Some argue that Education Pays is beneficial to doctors, because, they can earn more money. However，quite a few people hold the opposite opinion that Education Pays is detrimental to the ones who learn the skills through hard work.. But most people agree that the demerits of less education far outweigh its merits
以上连个段落，大家根据自己的想法写上一个就好了，可别都写，真的写不下的！
第三段，其实万古不变，就是个人观点，观点最好是建议或者对策，照着之前给出的三个，随便写写好了：
To my way of thinking, the issue mentioned above will be bound to generate more consequences if we keep turning a blind eye and deaf ear to it. We should appeal to the relevant administration departments to strengthen supervision over it. And it is high time that all of us ,parents，educators，and the authorities, made combined efforts to tell the young people the fact about the Education Pays. With this measure taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that this problem can be perfectly solved in the near future。
一定要注意多次强调的主题词，要在三个段落都重复的！
The above chart clearly shows education pays in 2010. We see that one with higher education background earns more money than those with lower ones, for instance, the college students with no degree get paid $ 712 per week whereas those with a Bachelor’s degree can earn $ 1038.
Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. To begin with, compared with those with comparatively lower degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work. Moreover, the higher one’s education degree, the bigger platform he will have to show his ability. For example, his college, university, or research institute will organize job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.
This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment. Therefore, substantial education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to build our country and strive for a better life for ourselves.
范文二
Judging from the chart given above, we can see that people’s income increases along with their education levels. Above all, the average college graduates earn much more than the typical high-school graduates.
The fact revealed by these data is obvious: a degree does bring distinctive financial benefits to its holders. But is it true that a degree alone can ensure a bright future? I don’t think so because, on the one hand, the financial value of high education depends heavily on what skills graduates can gain from it instead of the degree itself. After all, an employer only pays for your ability and performance, not for your certificate. On the other hand, the most valuable thing that high education brings to graduates is the ability to learn quickly and efficiently. People who have received more education tend to keep lifelong learning habits after their graduation, which would help them gain more opportunities in their career path.
In conclusion, what accounts for education pays is not the degree alone, but the graduate’s ability and learning habit.
范文三
Pays correspond to education levels, as is demonstrated by the chart above, “Education: A Weekly Investment”. The weekly earning in 2010 increases with the sort of diploma the person holds. For instance, the college students with no degree get paid $712 per week whereas those with a Bachelor’s degree can earn 50% more than them.
Several reasons, in my opinion, can be identified to account for this phenomenon. To begin with, compared with those with comparatively lower education degree, people who have received higher education possess considerably wider knowledge, more remarkable learning and research ability, greater innovation and most of all, resourceful social network, all of which are essential to a high-income work. Furthermore, the higher one’s education degree is the bigger platform he will have to show his ability. For example, his college, university, or research institute will organize various job fairs for them to communicate face to face with employers.
This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment. Therefore, substantial education investment should be strengthened while we, as college students, should study harder to build our country and strive for a better life for ourselves.
What is shown in the chart above is that those people with high degree earn more than those with lower. For example, people with master’s degree receive a better payment than those with bachelor’s degree, according to a survey of the payment to the employee. This survey indicates that education degree does have a relationship with earnings, contrary to the recent theory of useless education.
Recently, there is a heated discussion about the significance of the education. Some people hold a view that higher education is useless since college education cannot mesh with the social needs. Some think that higher education is indispensable if you want to go far in both your study and life. Now that survey has proved which part is wiser.
As for me, I definitely support the view that education is necessary for people’s life. Reading can not only make me survive well in this society with fierce competition but also help me make sense of life. I pursue for it for my whole life.
范文五
From the chart given above, we can definitely draw a conclusion that the more you learn, the higher your salary will be. The figures in the chart deny the claim that knowledge is useless. However quite a few people still hold the opinion that a higher education does no good to a better job since that there are many university students who can not get an ideal job.
What I want to point out is that there is more than one factor that contributes to the failure of finding an ideal job for those who have a higher education. While those who fail to get a better education will hardly succeed in getting a good job because they don’t have the systematical and scientific knowledge.
As the proverb goes like this, Knowledge is power. Education pays, sooner or later.
范文六
As is shown above, the bar chart clearly demonstrates the relationship between the education level and earning in 2010. It is obvious that well-educated people such as owning Doctoral degree and Master's degree have a higher salary than those who have relatively low degree. Isolated as the figure seems to be, as a matter of fact, we can observe that the higher level of education you receive, the higher income you will get.
People’s opinions about investment in education differ from person to person. Some people say that knowledge could no longer change destiny. To them, it is not only a waste of money, but also a waste of time. Others deem that education is worthy of investment. As for me it is no doubt that education offers favorable working opportunity and handsome income, which enable us to buy what we want, please what we love, and fulfill what we dream, and correspondingly we are able to build an ideal paradise where life can be enjoyed to the uttermost.
In conclusion, we should realize the significance of education, which plays a crucial role in personal growth of career. In addition, it is convinced that education is the prospect of a nation.
如何写好四级作文
学生的作文主要有以下几个方面的问题:第一：:英语底子太薄。第二：词汇量太小,且对已学词汇记忆不清。第三：表达思想不清楚。 下面我们以考生的实际作文来进行一下分析。
1） Some one consider that fresh water will not touch it's end.（96年1月,2分）
2） One man's life lack of money, he will impossible to live on. （95年1月,5分）
3） As is know, that there are much fake commodities in today's society.（97年12月,6分） 这里引述的例句与考生通篇作文的写作水平是一致的,其中5、6分的例句具有典型性,代表了近乎中等水平考生的写作水平。从这些例句中不难看出,中等水平的考生,事实上也包括中上等水平的考生,在写作上存在的主要问题是表达思想不清楚。
表达思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中严重汉化的英语,即中式英语,比如: "man can live happiness", "Man is iron, and food is steel.", ＂Women are half side sky.＂。此外,语言错误的普遍性和严重性十分惊人,比如,主谓不一致,名词单复数不分,动词时态语态滥用,常用词拼写错误比比皆是。这些严重地影响了思想的表达。考试实践表明,多数考生在写作上的主要欠缺不是系统的写作理论和方法,而是最基本的单句写作能力。
文章无论长短,都是由句子组成的,句子是表达思想的最基本的单位。因此,句子是否能写得正确、达意和清楚,将直接影响整篇文章的写作质量。大学英语四、六级考试和研究生入学英语考试的实践都表明,考生写作成绩长期得不到明显提高的主要原因是欠缺写好单句的能力。
为改变这种状况,我们将从剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手,对写作测试中的基本句子结构和写法进行评议和分析,来帮助考生进一步提高句子写作能力。
一、 ＂There be＂结构
考生病句:
1. There are many people like to go to the movies.
2. There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people.
正确表达:
1. There are many people who like to go to the movies.
2. There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market.
这两个例句的错误比较有普遍性,因为在历次考试中有不少考生不能正确运用there be这一最常用的句式。在这种结构中,there是引导词,没有实际意义。be在句中作谓语,有时态和数的变化。
例如:There was no school in the village at that time. （=there was not a school""）
注意:在否定句中,否定词用no,也可用not a或not any. not a后接单数名词, not any 后接复数名词,no后面的名词单复数都可以。
2. There is not a moment to be lost.
3. There are many people rushing into the cities every year.
4. There are many things we can do to prevent traffic accidents.
5. There is no use holding back the wheel of history.
从以上例句还可看出,句中的主语后面可接多种修饰语,如介词短语、不定式短语、定语从句、分词短语等等。这无疑使该结构增加了表现力,使句子表达内容更加丰富。 在运用这一结构时,考生最容易犯的错误是在there be之后又用了一个动词作谓语,使句子结构出现严重错误。这里列举的考生的典型错误均属这种情况,对此我们在写作中要格外注意。
二、 比较结构
考生病句: 1. Comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2. The climate in Walton is colder than other cities.
正确表达:
1. Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.
2. The climate in Walton is colder than that of other cities.
评议与分析:许多考生在作文中用compare或than表示比较,但相当多的表达有误。 在例1中,对两个事物进行比较的句式为Compared with A, B"",只能用compare的过去分词,不能用现在分词,因为B是分词的逻辑主语,只能被比较。在例2中,考生误将"天气"与"城市"进行比较,而二者没有可比性,只有将后者改为"其他城市的天气"才符合逻辑,很显然,考生的错误是受了汉语表达习惯的影响。
比较结构是常用结构,正确地使用这一结构可以使文章的句式增加变化,有利于提高写作成绩。一般说来,考生若能恰当、正确地运用这一结构,其写作成绩应在5分以上。
下面是比较结构的一些常用的表达方法。
1.
1） In 1998 we produced as many cars as we did in the previous five years.
2） We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past.
2. 比较级
1） Children now enjoy better medical treatment than before.
2） We can live longer without food than we can （live ） without water.
三、 表达原因的结构
考生病句:
1. The real reason to our failure is not far to seek.
2. The reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
正确表达:
1. The real reason for our failure is not far to seek.
2. The reason for this is that some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.
以上两个病句分别引自92年1月和97年12月四级考试的考生作文。从遣词造句上看,这两位考生具有一定的写作能力,not far to seek, plenty of money以及without working hard等均运用正确、恰当。但令人遗憾的是,第一位考生不知道reason不与to搭配而应接介词for,第二位考生犯了一个中国学生常犯的错误,就是用because引起表语从句,because这个词不能引起表语从句,在本句中只能改用that才正确。
掌握好表达原因的结构是十分重要的,几乎所有的写作试题都要求写原因或可以写原因。在大学英语四、六级考试、研究生入学英语考试以及TOEFL考试中,写作的文体基本上是议论文,而议论文的基本模式是摆事实、讲道理,讲道理就是说明原因。写作测试的文体决定了表达原因结构的重要性。
英语中用来表达原因这一概念的结构有多种。我们可用as , because, since, seeing that, :
1. Now that we have seen these great achievements with our own eyes, we feel more proud than ever of our country.
2. Professor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to make rapid progress.
3. Since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate.
4. Pollution is still a serious problem, not that we don't have the ability to solve it, but that some people have not realized the consequences of the problem.
作文12月(二)
预测二
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Air Pollution following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 近年来空气污染严重
2. 空气污染引发的危害
3. 有什么解决办法
Air Pollution
It is reported that thick fog and haze surround many parts of China. People have to wear masks when they go out. As air pollution is getting increasingly worse, it has become the main concern of people.
Air pollution can have serious consequences for human’s health and also severely affects natural ecosystems. Millions of people die of illnesses related to air pollution every year. Due to particles from exhaust emissions, green house effects result in warmer weather, acid rains corrode the earth, and frequent haze causes traffic problems.
Confronted with such situation, positive measures should be adopted. The government should keep its regulatory role for properly supervision. Related rules should be made out for reducing emissions of new vehicles and limiting high-emission vehicles. Factories should meet standards for curbing emissions of pollutants in surrounding cities. Meanwhile, provinces and municipalities in each target region should set
up a mechanism for the joint prevention and control of air pollution.
【点评】
文中从雾霾和人们带口罩出门引出空气污染这一话题，然后在第二段中谈及空气污染对人类健康和自然生态系统的影响，在最后一段中分别指出政府，工厂及省、市等需要采取措施解决空气污染的问题。
第一段中thick fog and haze意为“雾霾”，getting increasingly worse意为“日益恶化”；
第二段中severely affects natural ecosystems意为“严重影响自然生态系统”，exhaust emissions意为“废弃排放”，green house effects意为“温室效应”，corrode意为“腐蚀”；第三段中keep its regulatory role意为“发挥其监管的职责”；curbing emissions of pollutants意为“减少污染物的排放”。
预测三
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Effects of TV Programs following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 有的电视节目会给社会带来正能量（比如最近流行的《爸爸去哪儿》）
2. 有的电视节目却引起负面影响
3. 谈谈你的看法
Effects of TV Programs
TV programs influence almost every part of our lives. Whether a news program or TV series, the information we receive plays a major role in our daily life. Besides, some popular social programs, such as “Where are we going? Dad”, bring positive energy to viewers.
On contrary, viewers are influenced by the negative impact of TV violence through crime news, war and violent TV shows. It has been stated that repeated exposure to acts of violence leads to an increase in aggressive and violent behaviors.
Nowadays, TV viewers can choose from hundreds of programs on their full-color, high-definition, big-screen TV sets. There is no question that TV programs are significant sources of entertainment and education. Furthermore, TV programs give people opportunities to see other countries and learn about different cultures. But watching too much TV may lead to numerous health problems including obesity and weak eyesight. Therefore, viewers should limit the hours spent on TV programs and make a choice among various TV programs to avoid the negative effects.
【点评】
文章谈及电视节目，第一段指出电视节目影响着我们生活的各个方面，指出有的电视节目能赋予我们信息，给予观众正能量；第二段说明带有暴力的电视节目会影响人的行为；最后一段结合作者自己的观点说明电视节目是娱乐和教育信息的源泉，但是人们必须控制看电视的时间，并有选择性的观看电视节目，以避免其负面影响。
第一段中plays a major role in意为“在""起重要作用”，positive energy意为“正能量”；
第二段中On contrary意为“相反”， negative impact意为“负面影响”， aggressive and violent behaviors意为“侵略和暴力行为”； 第三段中There is no question that意为“""毫无疑问”， Furthermore意为“此外”，Therefore意为“因此”。