【 – 小学作文】
篇一:《2014版人教新目标八年级下册英语unit7课文详解》
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
Section A
Language Goal: Talk about geography and nature
geography [diɡrfi]地理
nature [neit]自然
square不可数名词，意为“平方”。
The old city covers an area of about 326 square kilometers.
这个古老城市的面积大约是326平方千米。
16 is the square of 4. 十六是四的平方。
(1)square作可数名词，意为“正方形”。
The cookies were in the form of squares. 那些饼干是正方形的。
②square作可数名词，意为“广场;街区”。
Tian'anmen Square天安门广场
We live three squares from the school我们住在离学校三个街区的地方。
1b Listen and complete the sentences.
population是一个集合名词，意为“人口”
(1 )population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
The world's population is increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快
(2)当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。
About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。
(3)有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。
New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million纽约是一个有一干多万人口的大城市。 （4)表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用“much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”
India has a large population印度人口众多。
Singapore has a small population新加坡人口少。
(5)询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much ?而用“How large.？问具体人口时“What’s the population of. . .？”
How large is the population of your hometown？你们家乡有多少人口?
What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少?
1c Use the information in 1b to make conversations.
A: What is the highest mountain in the world?
B: Qomolangma.
2a Listen and number the facts ［1-4］ in the order you hear them.
6,300 5,000 5,464 300{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
_2_China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.
_3__China is almost as big as the US, but t is the biggest country in Asia.
2b Listen again and fill in the blanks in 2a with the numbers in the box.
2c Make conversations using the information in 2a.
A: Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
B: Yes, I did. It’s much older than my country.
2d Role-play the conversation.
Guide: Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.
Tourist 1: How long is the wall?
Guide: Ah, the most popular question! If we’re only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty, it’s about 8,850 kilometers long. This makes it the longest wall in the world.
Tourist 2: Wow, that’s amazing! Why did the ancient emperors build the wall?
Guide: The main reason was to protect China. As you can see, it’s quite tall and wide. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.
Tourist 3: Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall?
Guide: Yes, it’s the most famous part.
feel free“随便，轻松”。
I love my work, and I feel free. 我喜欢我的工作。我觉得我现在自由自在
feel free to do sth随意做某事
If you need help with anything, please feel free to ask me.
如果有什么需要我帮助之处尽管找我，请不要客气。
Feel free to eat dinner here anytime 你随时都可以来这里吃晚餐!
tour可数名词，意为“旅行;旅游”。
We are planning a tour around the world. 我们正计划环球旅行。
protect及物动词，“保护;防护”
There're fewer animals. It's important for us to protect them动物们越来越少，对于我们来说保护它们很重要。
（1）protectfrom/against保护….使不受….；防御。
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光。
②protection不可数名词，意为“保护，防御”
The hat will give protection against the sun这顶帽子可遮阳。
③under the protection of 在的保护下。
The chicks are under the protection of the hen 小鸡们处在母鸡的保护下。
3a Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas.
Paragraph 1Spirit of climbers登山者的精神
Paragraph 2 Achievements of climbers登山者的成就
Paragraph 3 Facts and dangers事实与危险
Qomolangma—the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World?
One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas[ himleiz]. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma thick形容词，此处意为“浓的，稠的”，反义词为thin
The old man likes to eat thick soup. 那个老人喜欢喝浓汤。
（1）thick作形容词，意为“厚的”。
His English-Chinese dictionary is very thick他的英汉词典很厚:
②think作形容词，意为“茂密的，密集的”。
a thick head of hair一头浓密的头发
③thick作形容词，意为“粗的，粗壮的”。
There is a thick tree in the yard院子里有一棵粗壮的树。
include及物动词，意为“包括，包含”，指包含其中的一部分。
The price includes both house and furniture. 这个价格包括房子和家具
The class of twenty includes eight girls. 全班二十人中包括八个女生。
① include作动词，还可意为“算在内;列在里面”。
Please include me in your group. 请把我算在你们组内。
② included形容词，无比较等级，一般位于名词或代词之后，意为“包括在内”
Everyone laughed, me included 每个人都笑了，包括我在内。
③ including介词，意为“包括;包含在内、和其后的名词/ 代词一起形成介宾短语。
There are 40 students in the classroom, including me. 包括我在内，教室里有40名学生。
freezing形容词，意为“结冰的; 冻冰的”
It was freezing cold that morning. 那天早晨非常冷。{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
（1）freezing可用作名词，“冰点”。{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
The temperature is below freezing. 气温在零度以下
②freeze是动词，“结冰，凝固”。
Water freezes below freezing. 冰点以下时水结冰。
condition名词，“条件，状况”既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。
It's terrible to study in such conditions.在这种状况下学习很糟糕。
We are interested in the work conditions in Africa. 我们对非洲的工作状况感兴趣。
The player is in very good condition, but his living conditions are very bad.
这个运动员的健康状况良好，但他的生活条件非常槽糕。
on condition that十从句”表示“如果，在条件下”。
He can use the bicycle on condition that he return(s) it tomorrow.他可以使用自行车，条件是明天必须归还。
take in为固定短语，意为“吸入;吞入(体内”
Open the window and take in fresh air.打开窗户，吸收新鲜空气。
take in的其他含义:
①接待(某人)留宿
He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in他没有地方可睡，于是我们提出让他留宿。
②包含;包括
This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in这是度假的全部费用，一切都包括在内。
④ 把(衣服)改窄
Could you take the dress in for me? 你能把我的这件连衣裙改窄点吗?
④充分理解，掌握
It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.我费了好长时间才明白你说的话。
The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975.
succeed动词，意为“实现目标;成功”，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。
His plan succeeded他的计划成功了。
（1）succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事
He is certain to succeed in doing his experiment. 他做试验一定会成功。
②succeed with sth.在某方面获得成功
You won't succeed with the work if you don't put your mind to it如果你不把心放在工作上，工作就不会做好。 challenge及物动词，意为“挑战;考验”。
He challenged anyone to beat him他向任何要打败他的人挑战。
I only like to study something if it really challenges me. 我只喜欢研究真正对我有所考验的东西。
challenge的其他用法
①作名词，意为“(挑战、决斗、比赛等的)邀请;挑战书”等。
a letter of challenge挑战书
②作名词，意为“挑战，邀请比赛”。
accept a challenge to run a race 接受赛跑的挑战
in the face of为固定短语，意为“面对(问题，困难等)”。
He showed great bravery in face of danger. 面对危险他表现非常勇敢。
He keeps sense of humour in the face of great difficulties. 面对极大的困难，他保持幽默感。
achieve及物动词，意为“达到;完成;成功”，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、目的等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。
Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。
She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。
achieve 有时与 this, that, what, all, much, anything, nothing, a little等代词连用，表示“获得(成功)”或“取得(成就)”等。
No one can achieve anything without effort. 谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
②achievement名词，意为“成就，业绩(可数);实现，达到，成功(不可数)".
We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain
当我们到达山顶时，我们感到有一种巨大的成就感。
force名词，意为“力;力量”。
（1）表示物质方面的“力”，是可数名词。
the forces of nature自然力量
②表示物理方面的“力”，是不可数名词。
the force of an explosion 爆炸力
force可用作动词，“强迫;迫使”。force sb. to do sth. = force sb. into doing sth迫使某人做某事。
They forced him to leave the small town. =They forced him into leaving the small town
他们强迫他离开小镇。
natural形容词，意为“自然的;天然的;非人力所为的;天生的”
The country's natural resources include forests, coal and oil.
这个国家的自然资源包括森林、煤和石油。
It is natural for a child to love its mother. 孩子爱母亲是常情
He is a natural musician. .他天生是个音乐家。
1. Where are the Himalayas?
2. How high is Qomolangma?
3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even thought it is dangerous?
4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us?
big much popular long old high
vers in the world. It’s a little
4b Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
e.g. Two rivers: The Yangtze River and the Amazon River{人教版八年级下册英语unit7的a部分的课文}.
The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze is the longest river in China.
Two cities: ________________ and ________________
1. ________________
2. ________________
Two animals: ________________ and ________________
1. ________________
2. ________________
4c Write five questions using comparisons.
Then ask your partner your questions.
1. What’s is the highest building in our city?
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
5. ________________
Section B
1a Compare facts about these two animals. Use the language in the box to help you make sentences.
Elephant
-is 350 cm tall
-weighs [weiz] 5,000 kilos
-eats 150 kilos of food a day
weigh动词，意为“有重; 重”。
①表示“重(多少)"，是连系动词。
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60千克。
How much does it weigh? 它的重量有多少?
②表示“称的重量”，是及物动词。
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
weight不可数名词，意为“重量，体重”。
What's the weight of the sheep? 这只羊的重量是多少?
Panda
-is 150 cm tall(standing on two legs)
-weighs 100 kilos
Example sentence:
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.(200 cm taller / shorter, weigh much more / less, eat much more / less, eat many times more)
many tones more than 意为“比多许多倍”。
常见的倍数表达法:
①“A十倍数十形容词或副词的比较级十than十B”，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍、
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍(是我们教室的五倍)。
（2）A十倍数十as十形容词或副词的原级十as十B，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。
Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
This big stone is three times as heavy as that one. 这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍
③“…times十more 十名词(可数或不可数)十than十被比对象
There are five times more books in our library than in yours. 我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆多四倍。
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